Riparian Buffer Tree Planting Survival Rates

troutbert

Well-known member
Joined
Nov 2, 2006
Messages
11,020
For those who have been involved in tree planting in riparian buffers, has survival of the trees been good? medium? poor?

What is a rough estimate of the percentage of planted trees that survived?

What species have had good survival and which poor survival?

What factors increased or decreased survival?
 
For those who have been involved in tree planting in riparian buffers, has survival of the trees been good? medium? poor?

What is a rough estimate of the percentage of planted trees that survived?

What species have had good survival and which poor survival?

What factors increased or decreased survival?
Legacy sediment I have heard can decreases survival rate depending on the depth and water table. There is a planting near me in a heavily silted in valley that has hundreds of trees planted maybe 5-10 took. I am sure there are other factors but makes you wonder how far tap roots have to go/can go
 
Troutbert, I have not run any projects, but have been a long term observer of some individual projects. The worst survival that I saw had to do with the location of the plantings…directly in a spot where strong current occurs when the creek is high. Most got bent to the ground and variously covered with debris. Some survived, however.

The second problem I’ve noticed has been common. The groups plant the trees in too great of a density. Survival is good but eventually a few trees will win the battle for sunlight at the expense of others. Half the density would cover twice the distance.

As for species that I have noticed performing well…tulip poplar and hybrids, river birch, sycamore, willow, redbud. I might have seen pin oak too, but that memory is a bit vague so someone else may want to comment on that species. Additionally, the first four grow quite rapidly.

I am not a big fan of the tubes; they are reported to be bird traps and where strong stream currents occur during flows across the flood plain the currents bend the trees down, pull a lot of the tubes off, and deposit them downstream as plastic litter.

I have not seen any survival problems in agricultural flood plains, some of which were most likely legacy sediment based on the abundance of dams that occurred in these areas.
 
Last edited:
Legacy sediment I have heard can decreases survival rate depending on the depth and water table. There is a planting near me in a heavily silted in valley that has hundreds of trees planted maybe 5-10 took. I am sure there are other factors but makes you wonder how far tap roots have to go/can go
Wow, that's very low survival. If you have photos of that site, I'd be interested in seeing them.

So you think the reason for poor survival there is that the legacy sediment is too high and dry?
 
I am not a big fan of the tubes; they are reported to be bird traps and where strong stream currents occur during flows across the flood plain the currents bend the trees down, pull a lot of the tubes off, and deposit them downstream as plastic litter.
From the plantings I've seen and heard about with tubes- voles and the white footed mouse cause girdling problems too.
 
Troutbert, I have not run any projects, but have been a long term observer of some individual projects. The worst survival that I saw had to do with the location of the plantings…directly in a spot where strong current occurs when the creek is high. Most got bent to the ground and variously covered with debris. Some survived, however.

The second problem I’ve noticed has been common. The groups plant the trees in too great of a density. Survival is good but eventually a few trees will win the battle for sunlight at the expense of others. Half the density would cover twice the distance.

As for species that I have noticed performing well…tulip poplar and hybrids, river birch, sycamore, willow, redbud. I might have seen pin oak too, but that memory is a bit vague so someone else may want to comment on that species. Additionally, the first four grow quite rapidly.

I am not a big fan of the tubes; they are reported to be bird traps and where strong stream currents occur during flows across the flood plain the currents bend the trees down, pull a lot of the tubes off, and deposit them downstream as plastic litter.

I have not seen any survival problems in agricultural flood plains, some of which were most likely legacy sediment based on the abundance of dams that occurred in these areas.
Dear Mike,

Imagine that, somehow water loving trees manage to survive around water? 😉

I'm sure some of warped and bent out of shape willows and sycamore trees I see alongside streams are nearly 100 years old. They ain't pretty to look at, with trunks that grow in S curves, but they manage to keep on keeping on.

Regards,

Tim Murphy 🙂
 
There's lots of examples of failed crep tree plantings, hundreds of tree tubes and single digit survivors. Weed and rodent protection is a big deal, many groups are now using geo fabric and or stone to help reduce weed competition and rodent pressure. Tree planting is never a bad thing, but if a stream is severely incised and disconnected from its floodplain more work is needed than just planting trees. With floodplain connectivity mother nature is pretty darn good at healing herself.
 
As usual there are varied responses from stream to stream/project to project. I credited a CREP project with contributing to the transition of a Berks Co stream section from a mediocre wild trout section roughly 2 mi long to a Class A BT section. A farm field close to the stream was planted in trees and those trees matured quite nicely with heights now being 25 ft about 7-8 yrs ago when we did the survey. I think there may have also been a substantial change in what years ago seemed to be a small feed lot or loafing area on another property through which the stream flowed. This is a cold, limestone section, but sediment always appeared to be the limiting factor for the BT. Fingerling stockings did poorly at that time.
 
Silver maples are quick growing, water loving trees. Are they planted much along stream banks?

I'll admit, I have a soft spot for Silver Maples.
 
From what I've seen both silver and red maples are commonly planted in buffers and survive well.

The best survivors of all are sycamores and they grow fast. Others that do well are pin oaks, black locust, and river birch.

In the fertile farming valleys there is often a lot of natural regeneration of black walnuts, if there are a few big old walnut trees around to provide seed.
 
Wow, that's very low survival. If you have photos of that site, I'd be interested in seeing them.

So you think the reason for poor survival there is that the legacy sediment is too high and dry?
I will have to get a picture, its the planting next to the coa coa beanery in hershey near bullfrog pond. I am not sure if it was legacy sediment I just suspected that because the stream is SUPER incised with steep tall banks in places and had been told depending on depth of legacy sediment it can be an issue.
 
From what I've seen both silver and red maples are commonly planted in buffers and survive well.

The best survivors of all are sycamores and they grow fast. Others that do well are pin oaks, black locust, and river birch.

In the fertile farming valleys there is often a lot of natural regeneration of black walnuts, if there are a few big old walnut trees around to provide seed.
Having grown up on the banks of the Juniata River and my family having a 100 acre farm right on it, 99% of the trees along the river are comprised of silver maples, sycamore, and black walnut. Throw in a few hackberry and black cherry and that's pretty much it. Very few oaks. Oh..... And some mulberry trees.
 
To add to what jifigz said about natural vegetation along a river, in a case where the natural vegetation developed along the transitional/warmwater stream by my former office following conversion of the land (a field and woodlot by the office)to a state park, red ozier dogwood was the predominant shrub, although there was a touch of elderberry. Trees were predominantly silver maple, red maple, and black walnut. Invasives were multiflora rose and a single ornamental pear tree, which must have loved “wet feet” because it could not have been any closer to the water and it grew quite rapidly.
 
Multiflora rose, reed canary grass, and tree of heaven are the pain in the a** invasives on my property. I planted elderberry, dog woods and I think willows in my wetlands and spring/fen areas and along the creeks. Then we did we did some native trees in tubes along the creeks out of the wetlands as well, hoping they all take. Brush sawing the invasive understory in an area of partial timbering by prior owner until canopy reestablished as been alot of work. Picking invasive stranglers of sapling trees ect. Still have to figure out how to get tree of heaven until new canopy in place to shade out.
 
Multiflora rose, reed canary grass, and tree of heaven are the pain in the a** invasives on my property. I planted elderberry, dog woods and I think willows in my wetlands and spring/fen areas and along the creeks. Then we did we did some native trees in tubes along the creeks out of the wetlands as well, hoping they all take. Brush sawing the invasive understory in an area of partial timbering by prior owner until canopy reestablished as been alot of work. Picking invasive stranglers of sapling trees ect. Still have to figure out how to get tree of heaven until new canopy in place to shade out.
Don't cut tree of heaven with a chainsaw or brush hog small trees. It will send up many, many suckers and actually help it spread. If you cut it off and then treat it directly with a strong herbicide you should be okay.

As a species they aren't going anywhere, but if you're looking to remove some from a small area that's your best bet.
 
Don't cut tree of heaven with a chainsaw or brush hog small trees. It will send up many, many suckers and actually help it spread. If you cut it off and then treat it directly with a strong herbicide you should be okay.

As a species they aren't going anywhere, but if you're looking to remove some from a small area that's your best bet.
Yea I read that. I figured id cut the top off burn it and inject something right into the stump. I don’t like all the dicamba/glyco phosphates. I wonder if the Tree’s Phloem or Xylem would circulate some bleach if a made a reservoir on the stump with a hole in bottom
 
Thanks! i was reading that and timing is good to know to get the treatment down there. From what I have heard once I kill the trees and get good native canopy over them they won’t come back?
 
As usual there are varied responses from stream to stream/project to project. I credited a CREP project with contributing to the transition of a Berks Co stream section from a mediocre wild trout section roughly 2 mi long to a Class A BT section. A farm field close to the stream was planted in trees and those trees matured quite nicely with heights now being 25 ft about 7-8 yrs ago when we did the survey. I think there may have also been a substantial change in what years ago seemed to be a small feed lot or loafing area on another property through which the stream flowed. This is a cold, limestone section, but sediment always appeared to be the limiting factor for the BT. Fingerling stockings did poorly at that time.
Mike, what stream was that in Berks if I may ask? If you'd rather not name it, a general area, i.e. eastern, western, etc., would be ok.
 
Top